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Venice is world-famous for its canals. It is built on an archipelago of 117 islands formed by about 150 canals in a shallow lagoon. The islands on which the city is built are connected by about 400 bridges. In the old center, the canals serve the function of roads, and every form of transport is on water or on foot.
You can ride gondola there. It is the classical Venetian boat which nowadays is mostly used for tourists, or for weddings, funerals, or other ceremonies. Now, most Venetians travel by motorised waterbuses (“vaporetti”) which ply regular routes along the major canals and between the city’s islands. The city also has many private boats. The only gondolas still in common use by Venetians are the traghetti, foot passenger ferries crossing the Grand Canal at certain points without bridges.
You can see the amusing city’s landmarks such as Piazza San Marco, Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo, Saint Mark’s Cathedral or villas of the Veneto. The villas of the Veneto, rural residences for nobles during the Republic, are one of the most interesting aspects of Venetian countryside.
They are surrounded by elegant gardens, suitable for fashionable parties of high society. The city is also well known for its beautiful and romantic view, especially at night.
Secara umum, report text adalah salah satu jenis teks yang masuk kategori "factual texts." Teks jenis ini sering dikatakan sebagai "saudara kembar" descriptive text sehingga wajar banyak siswa "bingung" cara membedakan kedua teks tersebut.
Sebelumnya, secara singkat dan sederhana, sudah memberikan penjelasan aneh mengenai perbedaan keduanya [baca: bingung report text atau descriptive text]; lagi-lagi itu cuma perbedaan kecil dan hampir semua siswa bisa mencerna. Oleh karena itu, untuk mendalami apa itu report text, yuk kita simak bersama-sama keterangan di bawah ini:
- Pengertian Report Text
- Generic Structure Report Text
- Ciri-Ciri Report Text
- Contoh Report Text : Thanksgiving Day
- Contoh Report Text : Venice
Pengertian Report Text
Istilah report text sering juga dikenal dengan sebutan informational report. Report, dalam Concise Oxford Dictionary Edisi 10, diartikan
sebagai 1) an account given of a matter after investigation or
consideration. 2) a piece of information about an event or situation.
Jika disimpulkan, secara bahasa report text adalah teks yang
berfungsi untuk memberikan informasi tentang suatu peristiwa atau
situasi, setelah diadakannya investigasi dan melalui berbagai
pertimbangan.
Definisi report text ini juga hampir mirip dengan apa yang sering disebutkan dalam berbagai buku bahasa Inggris di tingkat menengah, "Report
is a text which present information about something, as it is. It is as
a result of systematic observation and analyses." [Report
adalah sebuah teks yang menghadirkan informasi tentang suatu hal dengan
apa adanya. Teks ini adalah sebagai hasil dari observasi dan analisa
secara sistematis.]
Dengan
demikian, sebenarnya teks report dan descriptive mempunyai perbedaan
yang cukup jelas, meski nampak keduanya dikatakan sebagai "saudara
kembar" sekalipun.
Intinya, dalam report text itu biasanya berisi dengan fakta-fakta yang bisa dibuktikan secara ilmiah, Oke..
Generic Structure Report Text.
Seperti halnya dengan descriptive text, Report text juga hanya memiliki dua struktur umum [generic structure] yaitu :
- General Clasification; Pernyataan umum yang menerangkan subjek laporan, keterangan, dan klasifikasinya.
- Description: tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or behaviors; Pada bagian ini biasanya memberikan gambaran fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi; baik bagian-bagiannya, sifat-sifatnya, kebiasaannya, ataupun tingkah lakunya. Intinya adalah penjabaran dari klasifikasi yang disajikan dengan ilmiah.
Ada juga beberapa keterangan mengenai generic structure report text, yang meliputi :
- General information
- Bundles of Specific Information
General information adalah bagian yang menyebutkan informasi umum dari tema tulisan yang. Sedangkan Bundles of specific information, adalah penjabaran dari informasi umum tersebut.
Saya
sendiri lebih cenderung setuju dengan generic structure kedua; karena
hal ini bisa membuat siswa lebih paham akan cara menulis report text.
Tujuan Report Text
Setiap
tulisan pasti memiliki tujuan mengapa tulisan itu ditulis. Begitu juga
dengan report text. Beberapa pakar menyebutkan bahwa tujuan teks report adalah :
Its social purpose is presenting information about something. They generally describe an entire class of things, whether natural or made: mammals, the planets, rocks, plants, countries of region, culture, transportation, and so on.
Jika
disimpulkan, tujuan report text adalah untuk menyampaikan informasi
hasil pengamatan dan analisa yang sistematis. Informasi yang dijelaskan
dalam report text biasanya bersifat umum, baik itu alamiah ataupun buata
seperti binatang mamalia, planet, bebatuan, tumbuh-tumbuhan, negara
bagian, budaya, transportasi, dan lain sebagainya.
Pola Tata Bahasa dalam Report Text
Setiap tulisan pasti memiliki ciri bahasa tersendiri; jika recount text dan narrative text cenderung memiliki ciri menggunakan simple past, lalu bagaimana dengan report text? Oke berikut adalah pola grammar yang umum digunakan dalam teks report, yang meliputi :
- Use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns, eg our dog;
- Use of relating verbs to describe features, eg Molecules are tiny particles;
- Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, eg Emus cannot fly;
- Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, eg Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea;
- Use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;
- Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of the clause.
Keterangan :
- General nouns, maksudnya adalah, suatu benda (baik itu hidup atau mati) yang bersifat umum. Coba bandingkan : Hunting dogs >< My dog. Hunting dogs bersifat umum; sedangkan my dog bersifat khusus.
- Relating verbs, dalam grammar disebut juga dengan linking verbs. Seperti to be [is, am, are: present], seem, look, taste dan lain sebagainya.
- Timeless present tense adalah salah satu penanda waktu dalam simple present seperti "often, usually, always" dan lain-lain.
- Technical terms, maksudnya adalah istilah-istilah yang meliputi teks report tersebut. Misalnya tentang "music" maka, istilah-istilah musik harus ada.
Thanksgiving
or Thanksgiving Day is a celebration of harvest, thankfulness for
peace, and the attempt of Native Americans. It is usually celebrated in
late autumn.
In
the past, Thanksgiving was celebrated for their rich harvest in New
England. In North America, however, it was originally held to thank God
for their survival in the new land which was not easy for them. However,
in Canada, it had been celebrated as in New England. Thanksgiving now
is celebrated in United States of America and in Canada. Thanksgiving
festivals are held every fourth Thursday of November in the U.S and on
the second Monday of October in Canada. It is usually celebrated in four
to five days in the North America and for three days in Canada.
It
is celebrated through families and friends gathering to eat and give
good luck. Turkey is the main dish in the thanksgiving dinner.
Thanksgiving parades are also usually held. In Thanksgiving homes are
decorated with wreaths, fresh and dried flowers. Lamps are lighted to
brighten the environment. Tables are decorated with best china and
antique silver dishes to mark the occasion.
Venice
is a city in northern Italy. It is the capital of region Veneto.
Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice
Metropolitan Area. Venice has been known as the “Queen of the Adriatic”,
“City of Water”, “City of Bridges”, and “The City of Light”. The city
stretches across 117 small islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along
the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy.
Venice is world-famous for its canals. It is built on an archipelago of 117 islands formed by about 150 canals in a shallow lagoon. The islands on which the city is built are connected by about 400 bridges. In the old center, the canals serve the function of roads, and every form of transport is on water or on foot.
You can ride gondola there. It is the classical Venetian boat which nowadays is mostly used for tourists, or for weddings, funerals, or other ceremonies. Now, most Venetians travel by motorised waterbuses (“vaporetti”) which ply regular routes along the major canals and between the city’s islands. The city also has many private boats. The only gondolas still in common use by Venetians are the traghetti, foot passenger ferries crossing the Grand Canal at certain points without bridges.
You can see the amusing city’s landmarks such as Piazza San Marco, Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo, Saint Mark’s Cathedral or villas of the Veneto. The villas of the Veneto, rural residences for nobles during the Republic, are one of the most interesting aspects of Venetian countryside.
They are surrounded by elegant gardens, suitable for fashionable parties of high society. The city is also well known for its beautiful and romantic view, especially at night.
Demikian penjelasan dan contoh singkat mengenai "Report Text", untuk keterangan lebih lanjut: MENYUSUL...
